Impact of partial and total replacement of urea nitrogen instead of soybean meal protein on reproductive performance of Awassi lambs
Safwan L. Shihab
Abstract: In female increase urea intake may affect negatively in fertility as a result of the change in oviduct acidity this effect of urea noticed also in male semen quality. We expect that inclusion urea instead of soya protein may not affect in semen qualities in male duo to high starch ratio in the ration. The study aimed to find out the effect of partial or total replacement urea as a substitute for soybean meal on the reproductive performance of Awassi male sheep. In this study, 15 Awassi lambs were used with an average initial weight of 60.30 kg, aged 11-13 months. Lambs were randomly divided according to their weight into three groups. The first group (T1) animals were fed a ration containing soybean meal, the second group (T2) 50% of soybean meal was replaced by urea, and the third group (T3) urea was totally replaced with soybean meal. The results showed a feed intake decrease consumed 1.14 kg, in the second treatment compared with the first and third treatments (1.34, 1.34 kg). The average daily and total weight gain 0.116 and 7.00 kg, decreased significantly (P<0.05) in total replacement of urea compared with partial replacement of urea and control treatment 0.191 and 11.50 kg and 0.174 and 10.50 kg, respectively. Partial replacement urea for soybean meal led to a significant decrease (P<0.05) in semen characteristics compared with T1 and T2. On the other hand, partial urea replacement led to a significant (P<0.05) increase in the concentration of blood plasma cholesterol 172.48 mg/dl, compared to the second and third treatments, 134.28 and 137.14 mg/dl, respectively. with feeding starch diets inclusion urea Partially are totally instead of soybean meal has determine effect in semen quality.
Keywords: partial and total urea nitrogen; ram; semen parameters; soybean meal
Citation: Shihab, S. L. (2024). Impact of partial and total replacement of urea nitrogen instead of soybean meal protein on reproductive performance of Awassi lambs. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 30(2), 341–345
| References: (click to open/close) | Abd-El-Aziz, M. M. F. (2001). Utilization of sugarcane tops in sheep feeding. M. Sc. Thesis, Fac. Agric., Assiut Univ., Egypt.
Abera, F., Urge, M. & Animut, G. (2018). Feeding value of maize stover treated with urea or urea molasses for hararghe highland sheep. The Open Agriculture Journal, 12(1). https://DOI:10.2174/1874331501812010084.
Abi Saab, S., Jammal, B., Aoun, K. & Rahal, Z. (2003). Effect of urea supplementation and urea treated straw on the reproduction performance of growing Awassi ram lambs. Lebanese Science Journal, 4, 1-3. http://lsj.cnrs.edu.lb/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/.
Abyane, M. M., Alipour, D. & Moghimi, H. R. (2020). Effects of different sources of nitrogen on performance, relative population of rumen microorganisms, ruminal fermentation and blood parameters in male feedlotting lambs. Animal, 7, 1438-1446. https:// DOI.org/10.1017/S175173111900291X.
Aliyi, M. K. (2021). Effects of Feeding Urea-Molasses, Urea-Lime and Effective Micro-organism Treated Wheat Straw Basal Diets on Feed Intake and Growth Performance of Weaned Friesian-Borana Female Calves at Holetta Research Center, Ethiopia (Doctoral dissertation, Addis Ababa University).
Al-Khawaja, A. K., Abdullah, E. & Abdul Ahad, S. (1978). The chemical composition and nutritional value of Iraqi feed materials. A bulletin issued by the Nutrition Department of the General Livestock Directorate. Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform. The Republic of Iraq, 34-40.
Allahkarami, S., Atabakhsh, M., Moradi, M. N., Ghasemi, H., Bahmanzadeh, M. & Tayebinia, H. (2017). Correlation of uric acid, urea, ammonia and creatinine of seminal plasma with semen parameters and fertilization rate of infertile couples. Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry, 5, 76-80. https:// DOI.org/10.15171/ajmb.2017.14.
AOAC (2000). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Va, USA, 17th edition.
Awda, B. J., Miller, S. P., Montanholi, Y. R., Voort, G. V., Caldwell, T., Buhr, M. M. & Swanson, K. C. (2013). The relationship between feed efficiency traits and fertility in young beef bulls. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 2, 185-192. https:// DOI.org/10.4141/cjas2012-092.
Cortada, C. N. M., Lucci, C. D. S., Gonzalez, R. A. F., Valentin, R. & Mattos, C. B. D. (2000). Plasma urea levels on reproductive parameters of wool-less rams (Ovis aries, LINNAEUS, 1758). Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 37, 457-461. https:// DOI.org/10.1590/S1413-95962000000600007.
Coulter, G. H. & Kozub, G. C. (1989). Efficacy of methods used to test fertility of beef bulls used for multiple-sire breeding under range conditions. Journal of Animal Science, 7, 1757-1766. https:// DOI.org/10.2527/jas1989.6771757x.
Coulter, G. H., Cook, R. B. & Kastelic, J. P. (1997). Effects of dietary energy on scrotal surface temperature, seminal quality, and sperm production in young beef bulls. Journal of Animal Science, 4, 1048-1052. https:// DOI.org/10.2527/1997.7541048x.
Duncan, D. B. (1955). Multiple range tests and F tests. Biometrics, 11, 1-42.
El-Azab, A. I., Khadr, N. A. & Zahran, K. (1998). Effect of non-protein nitrogen in the ration on ram semen quality. Small Rum. Research, 1, 73-77 https:// DOI.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(97)00030-8.
Eryavuz, A., Dündar,Y., Ozdemir, M., Aslan, R. & Tekerli, M. (2003). Effects of urea and sulfur on performance of faunate and defaunate Ramlic lambs, and some rumen and blood parameters. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1-4, 35-46 https:// DOI.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(03)00201-3.
Jiao, J., Huang, J., Zhou, C. & Tan, Z. (2015). Taxonomic identification of ruminal epithelial bacterial diversity during rumen development in goats. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 10, 3502-350. https://Doi: https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00203-15.
Kobeisy, M., Abd El-Hafez, G. & Kabak, S. M. A. (2015). Feed Technology FT-554 Serum testosterone, testes size and semen quality of rams fed sugarcane bagasse treated with urea or pronifer. Sustainable Animal Agriculture for Developing Countries, 600.
Lapierre, H. & Lobley, G. E. (2001). Nitrogen recycling in the ruminant: A review. Journal of Dairy Science, 84, 223-236. https:// DOI.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)70222-6.
Melrose, D. R. & Laing, J. A. (1970). The characteristics of normal semen. Chap 4, Fertility in the domestic animals. Ed. By J. A. Laing Baillirer Tindalland Gassell, London.
Millam, J. J. (2016). Effects of Urea and Lime Treated Groundnut Shell on Mixed Diets on Nutrient Intake and in situ Degradation in Yankasa Rams. Msc Thesis in Animal Science. Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
National Research Council (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th Reved National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
Rad, M. I., Rouzbehan, Y. & Rezaei, J. (2016). Effect of dietary replacement of alfalfa with urea-treated almond hulls on intake, growth, digestibility, microbial nitrogen, nitrogen retention, ruminal fermentation, and blood parameters in fattening lambs. Journal of Animal Science, 1, 349-358. https:// DOI.org/10.2527/jas.2015-9437.
Rocha, L. F., Ribeiro, M. D. O., Santana, A. L. A., Jesus, R. D. L. D., Souza, R. S., Bagaldo, A. R. & Barbosa, L. P. (2020). Spermatogenesis in sheep supplemented with detoxified castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) as a replacement for soybean meal. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 21. https:// DOI.org/10.1590/S1519-99402121262020.
SAS (2005). Statistical Analysis System. User's Guide for Personal Computer Release 8.2, SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, Nc, USA.
Smith, J. T. & Mayer, D. (1955). Evaluation of sperm concentration by the haemocytometer method. Comparison of four counting fluids. Fertility and Sterility, 6, 271–275. https:// DOI.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)31987-2.
Spanghero, M., Mason, F., Zanfi, C. & Nikulina, A. (2017). Effect of diets differing in protein concentration (low vsmedium) and nitrogen source (urea vs soybean meal) on in vitro rumen fermentation and on performance of finishing Italian Simmental bulls. Livestock Science, 196, 14–21. https:// DOI.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2016.12.004.
Wolf, F. R., Almquist, J. O. & Hale, E. B. (1965). Prepuberal behavior and puberal characteristics of beef bulls on high nutrient allowance. Journal of Animal Science, 3, 761-765. https:// DOI.org/10.2527/jas1965.243761x.
Xu, Y., Li, Z., Moraes, L. E., Shen, J., Yu, Z. & Zhu, W. (2019). Effects of incremental urea supplementation on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion, plasma metabolites, and growth performance in fattening lambs. Animals, 9, 652. https:// DOI.org/10.3390/ani9090652.
|
|
| Date published: 2024-04-26
Download full text 
