Composition of gluten proteins of hexaploid triticale varieties from different origin

Sonya Doneva, Hristo Stoyanov, Nikolay Neykov

Abstract: A collection of 15 triticale varieties (Triticosecale) grown in Bulgaria, 17 varieties grown in Poland, 1 variety grown in France and 3 variety grown in Germany were analyzed using sodium dodecilsuphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) to describe allelic variability in the storage proteins encoded at the Glu-1 (Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-R1), Glu-3, Glu-A3 and Glu-B3), Glu-B2 and Gli-R2 loci. Thirty-two alleles were identified. These alleles formed 40 allelic configurations including 37 specific for one cultivar each. Two new allelic forms for high-molecular weight (HMW) – secalins were found in Glu-R1 loci and one new allelic form of 75K γ-secalins (named “new”) was found in Gli-R2 loci. 83% of the triticale cultivars were homogenous, only 17% showed two or more diagrams respectively in HMW glutenin subunits, low-molecular weight (LMW) glutenin subunits and 75K γ-secalins. Thus, the total number of genotypes in the study increased to fifty-four. Twenty-nine varieties possessed allele b and seven varieties commonly grown in Bulgaria possessed allele ‘a’ in Glu-A1 loci. These alleles are associated with good bread-making qualities. According to the data on the allelic composition, the cultivars were classified depending on their origin; it was found out that all analyzed accessions from Poland, Germany and France, as well as those developed in Bulgaria, fell within the same group, namely the group of triticale varieties of winter type developed through European germ plasma.

Keywords: cultivars; genetic variability; SDS-PAGE; storage proteins; Triticosecale

Date published: 2023-04-26