WEED BIODIVERSITY IN FIELD PEA UNDER REDUCED TILLAGE AND DIFFERENT MINERAL FERTILIZATION CONDITIONS
M. Frant, D. Gawęda, M. Róźańska-Boczula, C. Kwiatkowski, M. Haliniarz
Abstract: Soil, as the living environment of plants, is the most important factor affecting agrophytocenoses. Tillage is considered to be one of the basic elements modifying soil physical, chemical and biological properties and determining the germination, growth and development of both cropped vegetation and weeds. Therefore, a study was undertaken to determine the effects
of long-term reduced tillage and mineral fertilization on weed biodiversity in field pea crops under the climatic conditions in south-east Poland. A field study was conducted in the period 1999–2006 (two crop rotations) on lessive soil (agricultural land class 2). The experiment included different tillage systems and two levels of mineral fertilization. Field pea was grown in a four crop rotation: potato – spring wheat – field pea (edible form) – winter wheat. In the field pea crop, ploughless tillage and tillage with shallow pre-sowing ploughing, compared to plough tillage, resulted in an increase the number of weeds and air-dry weight of weeds in both crop rotations. In the second crop rotation, the study found an increase in the number and dry weight of weeds under the conditions of lower mineral fertilization compared to higher fertilization. Reduced tillage contributed to an increased proportion of perennial weeds in weed infestation, especially Elymus repens (L.) P.B. In the second crop rotation, the biodiversity of weed communities in the field pea crop was found to be lower compared to the period 1999-2002.
of long-term reduced tillage and mineral fertilization on weed biodiversity in field pea crops under the climatic conditions in south-east Poland. A field study was conducted in the period 1999–2006 (two crop rotations) on lessive soil (agricultural land class 2). The experiment included different tillage systems and two levels of mineral fertilization. Field pea was grown in a four crop rotation: potato – spring wheat – field pea (edible form) – winter wheat. In the field pea crop, ploughless tillage and tillage with shallow pre-sowing ploughing, compared to plough tillage, resulted in an increase the number of weeds and air-dry weight of weeds in both crop rotations. In the second crop rotation, the study found an increase in the number and dry weight of weeds under the conditions of lower mineral fertilization compared to higher fertilization. Reduced tillage contributed to an increased proportion of perennial weeds in weed infestation, especially Elymus repens (L.) P.B. In the second crop rotation, the biodiversity of weed communities in the field pea crop was found to be lower compared to the period 1999-2002.
Keywords: conservation tillage; flora of agrophytocenoses; NPK rates; Pisum sativum (L.)
Date published: 2017-10-16
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