LIPID COMPOSITION OF CARDUUS THOERMERI WEINM., ONOPORDUM ACANTHIUM L. AND SILYBUM MARIANUM L., GROWING IN BULGARIA

I. Dimitrova-Dyulgerova, M. Zlatanov, P. Merdzhanov, A. Stoyanova, G. Antova, М. Angelova-Romova, I. Zhelev

Abstract: Seed oil chemical composition of wild growing Carduus thoermeri Weinm., Onopordum acanthium L. and Silybum marianum L. were studied for the first time in Bulgaria, by using GC, HPLC, TL C and spectrophotometrical methods. The major components of fatty acids were oleic (342 - 530 g.kg-1), linoleic (176 - 511 g.kg-1) and palmitic (99 - 150 g.kg-1). α-tocopherol was the main component in the tocopherol fraction of O. acanthium seeds (911 g.kg-1). In the sterol fraction the main components were β-sitosterol (546 - 632 g.kg-1) and campesterol (128 - 156 g.kg-1). Phosphatidylinositol was with the highest concentration in the phospolipid fraction (317 g.kg-1 in C. thoermeri and 320 g.kg-1 in O. acanthium). Due to content of unsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols, the seeds of these widespread species (especially O. acanthium) could be utilized as a valuable oil source for human consumption.

Keywords: Carduus thoermeri; lipid composition; Onopordum acanthium; seeds; Silybum marianum

Date published: 2019-04-19