EFFECT OF GENOTYPE AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON GRAIN YIELD AND QUALITY OF SPRING BARLEY INTENDED FOR HEALTH FOOD USE

K. Noworolnik, A. Wirkijowska, M. Mikos-Szymanska

Abstract: In the years 2007-2009, pot experiments on spring barley were carried out in greenhouse of Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute in Puławy, using the Mitscherlich pots. The following cultivars were compared: ‘Basza’, ‘Conchita’, ‘Skarb’, and ‘Xanadu’ in terms of their response to 3 levels of nitrogen fertilization (NH4NO3): 1, 2 and 3 g N / pot. Doses of 1 and 2 g N / pot was divided into two parts: 60% before sowing + 40% at the end of tillering, and the dose of 3 g N / pot was divided into three parts: 60% before sowing + 25% at the end of tillering + 15% before heading. Studied spring barley cultivars varied by grain yield size, grain yield structure traits and response to nitrogen doses. Cultivars ‘Conchita’ and ‘Xanadu’ had the higher grain yield and greater number of spikes per pot compared to ‘Basha’ and ‘Skarb’. Cv. ‘Skarb’ was characterized by higher total dietary fibre and insoluble dietary fibre contents in grains than other cultivars. Cv. ‘Xanadu’ was characterized by the highest soluble dietary fibre content. ‘Conchita’ cultivar showed a higher (1-3) (1-4)-β-D-glucan content in the grain than other cultivars. With the increase of nitrogen levels to 3 g N/pot, there was obtained significant increase in grain yield and number of spikes per pot in all spring barley cultivars, but the decrease of 1000 kernel weight. Comparing to other cultivars, the highest yielding cultivars ‘Conchita’ and ‘Xanadu’ showed greater percentage increases in grain yield and number of spikes per pot under the influence of increasing nitrogen doses to 3 g N / pot. At 2 and 3 g N/pot doses, the highest dietary fibre and soluble beta-glucan contents in spring barley grains was stated in comparison with a dose of 1 g N/pot. With the increase of nitrogen dose to 3 g N/ pot, there was showed significant increase in protein content in grain of all cultivars. Total dietary fibre, insoluble dietary fibre, and ash content in the grain of spring barley cultivars were not dependent on the nitrogen fertilization doses.

Keywords: ash; barley; dietary fibre; nitrogen dose; protein; β-glucan

Date published: 2019-04-19