Estimation of some genetic parameters of the sunflower genotypes under drought stress
Tayba Mohammad Ghazi, Ziyad Asmail Abed
Abstract: A field experiment was carried out in the fields of the College of Agriculture- University of Baghdad with the aim of improving some of the characteristics of the sunflower crop. Selecting for drought tolerance using two sunflower varieties Shamous and local was done by adopting selection criteria including early flowering plant height, and disc diameter under the intensity of 10% selection and under three irrigation periods (5 days, 8 days, 10 days). The experiment was designed using the split plot design with replications during the growing seasons spring 2019 and spring 2020. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the selection was efficient in improving the qualities of the sunflower in addition to increasing the tolerance to drought stress, where the S1 progeny (SHD) gave the highest yield of grains/plants (114.33), as well as it gave the highest disc diameter of 22.86 cm. The difference of heterogeneity and phenotypic variation were not significant at 50% flowering stage (10.21 and 10.92), however, heritability of the broad sense and genetic progress was high for two selected traits at early flowering and stem height. It was found that the S1 progeny (LD) and (SHD) gave the highest grain yield of 8.240 t/ha and 7.341 t/ha respectively. The two varieties Shamous and local showed a high response to the selection and that the selection led to the improvement of most of the qualities and increased tolerance to drought stress, and a decrease in the height of the plant will lead to an increase in its tolerance to drought stress.
Keywords: drought; heritability; Sunflower
Citation: Ghazi, T. M. & Abed, Z. A. (2025). Estimation of some genetic parameters of the sunflower genotypes under drought stress. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 31(2), 355–360.
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| Date published: 2025-04-28
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