EVALUATION OF AUTOCHTHONOUS ECOTYPE OF BITTER ALMOND AS PEACH ROOTSTOCKS

T. Arsov, V. Gjamovski, M. Kiprijanovski

Abstract: This work presents the results from the study of the important morphological, biological and economic characteristics of 22 eco-types of bitter almond, selected from the rich autochthon population in the Republic of Macedonia, suitable for use as rootstocks in the peach nursery production. The researches have been made in the period from 2002 - 2004. The seed used as control is from the almond cultivar texas and seeds from vineyard peach. The research included the pomological and the chemical characteristics of the fruits, the quality of the seedlings, variability of the seedlings and nursery trees and the economical value of the types. The selected types mainly have larger dimensions of the nuts and the kernel respective to the controls. The weight of the CI-3 type has the largest nuts (5.11 g), whereas the type CI-2 has the largest weight of the kernels (1.15 g). The kernels with an intensively bitter taste have a larger content of amygdaline which is from 18.4 mg/100g to 275.9 mg/100g. The seedlings from the Ci-8 type have the most uniformed development. The IZ-1 and the VE-1 type have the highest first development of the pre-branches (13 cm), whereas the CI-6 type has the lowest (6.5 cm). The variability of the development of the plants is highest at the Ci-5 type, and the lowest at the iZ-1 type. The following types have the highest marks for economic value, even higher than the controls: Ci-4 (76), Us-1 (75), Ci-8 (74), Ba-6 (73), Ba-1 (72) and VE-2 (72). They are the promising types for the production of generative rootstocks.

Keywords: amygdaline; autochthon types; economic characteristics; generative rootstocks; seedlings; variability

Date published: 2017-09-14