Productive capacities and adaptability of meadow legume crops under mountain conditions
Katerina Churkova
, Boryana Churkova
Abstract: During the period 2020-2022, the following types of meadow legume crops were tested on light gray pseudopodzolic soil on the territory of the experimental field of Research Institute of Mountain Stockbreeding and Agriculture-Troyan: Lotus corniculatus L., Trifolium hibridum L., Medicago sativa L., Trifolium pretense L., Trifolium repens L. The matter yield, the biodiversity of the species in the grass stand and the impact of the factors, such as conditions of the year and the type of grass stands were studied to determine the acclimatization of meadow legume crops under mountain conditions. It was established that the tested legume forage species realized a high yield of dry matter under mountain conditions, which varied from 836.68 to 971.13 kg/da, which determined their good adaptability for cultivation under the conditions of light gray pseudopodzolic soils. The low values of their variation coefficients by year and average yield of 909.35 kg/da of all species show that they are suitable for inclusion in the structure of farms in mountain conditions. Alfalfa proved to be the most rational for cultivation, followed by red clover.
The botanical composition of the grass stands depends on the rate of growth and development of the herbaceous species. The high productivity of alfalfa corresponds to its high presence in the grass stand, which also indicates its high productivity.
Natural factors determine the productivity of the grass stands of the various legume species, and subsequently the economic efficiency in the production of fodder.
Keywords: botanical composition; legume grasses; productivity; two-factor analysis of variance
Citation: Churkova, K. & Churkova, B. (2024). Productive capacities and adaptability of meadow legume crops under mountain conditions. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 30(3), 503–508
| References: (click to open/close) | Annicchiarico, P. & Proietti, S. (2010). White clover selected for enhanced competitive ability widens the compatibility with grasses and favours the optimization of legume content and forage yield in mown clovergrass mixtures. Grass and Forage Science, 65(3), 318-324.
Arturi, M., Aulicino, M., Ansín, O., Gallinger, G. & Signorio, R. (2012). Combining ability in mixtures of prairie grass and clovers. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 3(10), 1355-1360. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2012.310163.
Gliessman, S. R. (2007). Agroecology: the Ecology of Sustainable Food Systems. CRC Press, Taylor Francis, New York (USA), 384.
Graham, P. & Vance, C. (2003). Legumes: importance and constraints to greater use. Plant Physiology, 131(3), 872–877. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.017004.
Halling, M. A., Hopkins, A., Nissinen, O., Paul, C., Tuori, M. & Soelter, U. (2002). Forage legumes – productivity and composition. Legume silages for animal production: LEGSIL. Proceedings of an International Workshop supported by the EU and held in Braunschweig, 8-9 July, Landbauforschung Völkenrode, Sonderheft, 234, 5-15.
Kakraliya, S. K., Singh, U., Bohra, A., Choudhary, K. K., Kumar, S., Meena, R. S. & Jat, M. L. (2018). Nitrogen and legumes: A Meta-analysis. In book: Legumes for Soil Health and Sustainable Management, 277-314.
Kertikova, D. & Kertikov, T. (2007). Forage yield and persistance of alfalfa varieties with different fall dormancy. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans, 10(2), 301-308.
Kertikova, D. & Kertikov, T. (2021). Competitive variety testing of alfalfa synthetic populations by biological and economic qualities. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans, 24(3), 162–175.
Kirilov, А. (2016). Role of leguminous fodder crops for sustainable agriculture. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans, 19(2), 46-84.
Lidanski, T. (1988). Statistical Methods in Biology and Agriculture. Zemizdat, Sofia, 375 (Bg).
Luscher, A., Mueller-Harvey, I., Soussana, J. F., Rees, R. M. & Peyraud, J. L.
(2014). Potential of legume-based grassland livestock systems in Europe: a review. Grass and Forage Science, 69, 206-228.
Peeters, A., Parente, G. & Gall, A. (2006). Temperate legumes: key–species for sustainable temperate mixtures. Grassland Science in Europe, 11, 205- 220.
Pypers, P., Verstraete, S., Cong Phan Thi & Merckx, R. (2005). Changes in mineral nitrogen, phosphorus availability and salt-extractable aluminium following the application of green manure residues in two weathered soils of South Vietnam. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 37(1), 163–172.
Tomich, T. P., Brodt, S., Ferris, H., Galt, R., Horwath, W. R., Kebreab, E., Leveau, J., Liptzin, D., Lubell, M., Merel, P., Michelmore, R., Rosenstock, T., Skow, K., Six, J., Williams, N. & Yan, L. (2011). Agroecology: Review from a global change perspective. Review in advance. Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour., 36, 193- 222.
Vasileva, V. (2017). Parameters related to nodulating ability of some legumes. International Journal of Agriculture Food Science & Technology, 3(1), 005-008.
Vasileva, V., Kertikov, T. & Ilieva, A. (2017). Dry mass yield and amount of fixed nitrogen in some forage legume crops after treatment with organic fertilizer Humustim. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 23(5), 816-819.
Wezel, A. & Jauneau, J. C. (2011). Agroecology – interpretations, approaches and their links to nature conservation, rural development and ecotourism. In book: Integrating Agriculture, Conservation and Ecotourism: Examples from the Field. Issues in Agroecology – Present Status and Future Prespectus 1, Springer, Dordrecht, 1-25.
|
|
| Date published: 2024-06-25
Download full text 
