Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science
Array ( [session_started] => 1731610535 [LANGUAGE] => EN [LEPTON_SESSION] => 1 )
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Mutagenesis as tool for enhancement of fatty acid composition of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
Marina Marcheva, Mariana Petkova, Stefka Atanassova
Abstract: Stable genetic improvement of the fatty acid composition of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) was a prerequisite for promoting and expanding its industrial applications. Irradiation with 10 and 15 krad gamma rays 60Co of seeds of two registered varieties – Trabant and Abacus provoke genetic and biochemical changes in the mutant generations of rapeseed. The induced mutants were reproduced for three years and compared with control plants in the experimental field of Agricultural University–Plovdiv. Each mutant was isolated and self-fertilized. Biometric characteristics were described for thirty plants in three replicate each year and variant. The initial genotypes responded to the irradiation with various changes in the plant height, branching, number of siliques per plant, seeds per silique and seed weight per plant. The quality and quantity of fatty acids content were screened by gas chromatography mas spectrometry (GC/MS) and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). Spectral data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square regression (PLS) was used for quantitative analysis. The biochemical analyses of the mutants showed lower content of mono-unsaturated fatty acids as oleic acids and higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids as linoleic (C18:2) and linolenic acids (C18:3). The changes in the fatty acids’ composition correlate with a lower plant height and better branching of the plants. Irradiation with 100 Gy led to the creation of mutants with larger seeds and higher production potential per plant. The mutants could be used for further plant breeding procedures for enhancing the productivity and quality of rapeseed oil as a valuable source for multiple industrial and food purposes.
Keywords: Brassica napus; fatty acid; gas chromatography; mutagenesis; NIRS; rapeseed
Citation: Marcheva, M., Petkova, M. & Atanassova, S. (2023). Mutagenesis as tool for enhancement of fatty acid composition of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 29(6), 1079–1089.
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Date published: 2023-12-15
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