FEATURES OF WATER CONSUMPTION OF COTTON ON IRRIGATED LANDS OF KARAKALPAKSTAN

A. B. Mambetnazarov

Abstract: In article is considered total water consumption cotton plant depending on soil-meliorations’ of the zone, mechanical composition of ground in layer of the aerations and constructions, adding soil of water, level soil of water and their mineralization. The Republic of Karakalpakstan is located north of the area of world cotton production. In relation to climate of the region refer to the desert zone. Annual precipitation is 80–100 mm, and the total evaporation is 10–12 times greater than precipitation. Therefore, under these conditions, agriculture is based solely on artificial irrigation. It is therefore necessary to determine the components of the water balance equation soils under cotton. The results of research conducted on the 2009–2014 in farm “Kuat” Chimbay region suggests that the total water consumption of cotton fields depends on the depth of groundwater. Lowering of the groundwater causes the flow of irrigation water
increases. The main incoming part of the water balance in soils automorphic series (GWL < 3 m) of irrigation water, less importance rainfall and soil moisture created is not growing season. The total water consumption of cotton on irrigated soils is automorphic series – 6790 m3/ha. The share of irrigation in total water consumption norms cotton field is 58.9%, soil moisture, 34.4%, and 6.6% of precipitation. Transpiration expended 65.5%, evaporation from the soil surface of 40.3%.

Keywords: automorphic; consumption; cotton; evaporation; farmer; ground; hydromorphic hydro morph; mineralization; plant; precipitation (draft); receipts; semihydromorphic; soil of water; sort; transpirations; water consumption; watering; zones

Date published: 2017-08-18